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Self-Report Measures of Psychopathy, Antisocial Personality, and Criminal Lifestyle: Testing and Validating a Two-Dimensional Model

Federal Correctional Institution, Schuylkill, Pennsylvania

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: gwalters{at}bop.gov.

	Abstract

This article reports results from five studies. Exploratory factor analysis was used to select indicators from the Psychological Inventory of Criminal Thinking Styles, Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy scales, and Personality Assessment Inventory–Antisocial Features Scale. The 10 indicators were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis, the results of which show that the two-dimensional model (proactive, reactive) achieves significantly better fit than a general one-factor model and a two-factor social learning model (criminal thinking, antisocial behavior) with 521 medium-security and 116 maximum-security inmates. The construct validity of the two-dimensional model is confirmed in a path analysis pairing (a) proactive scales with positive outcome expectancies for crime and (b) reactive scales with hostile attribution biases. Implications for a unified theory of aggression and criminality are discussed.

First published on September 10, 2008, doi:10.1177/0093854808320922

Criminal Justice and Behavior 2008;35:1459.

A more recent version of this article appeared on December 1, 2008


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